Materials and Methods: Patients who underwent supine PCNL operation between 2018 and 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. Patient demographic characteristics including age, body mass index, ASA score, stone size, presence of anatomical abnormalities and comorbidities, preoperative and postoperative data, and emergency department visit and readmission rates were analysed. ER to HR, including elective ones, and ER visits for any reason related to the PNL procedure were primarily analysed. Factors affecting the rate of ER visit and HR were analysed using logistic regression analysis.

Results: The mean age of 450 patients who underwent supine PCNL was 42.1 ± 20.8 years. When SFR was accepted in < 4 mm fragments, the SFR rate was 87%. Complications were observed in 19.5% of patients. ER rate was 8.8% and HR rate was 7.7%. Anatomical abnormality, stone complexity, operation time and postoperative complications were statistically significant for ER, while comorbidity, high ASA score, anomalous kidney, stone complexity, long operation time and postoperative complications were statistically significant for HR.

Conclusion: In our study, unplanned hospitalization was observed at a higher rate in patients with anatomical abnormalities and complex kidney stones. HR and ER were found more frequently in patients with a history of complications.